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Pilot walking to a business jet
Founder · Regulatory

FAA Part 91 & Part 135, EASA & GCAAWorking within different regulatory environments.

Elena A. Dragomir · Founder & CEO

Private aviation crosses borders, and so do its rules. Elena A. Dragomir has worked in operations conducted under FAA, EASA and GCAA regulatory environments.

This page separates two things clearly: what each regulatory framework is, and what working within it means for crew and operators day to day. Elena is not a regulator, inspector or regulatory auditor; the frameworks below are summarised for orientation, with links to the official sources.

01

FAA Part 91

Part 91 of Title 14 of the US Code of Federal Regulations sets the general operating and flight rules for aircraft operated in the United States — including private, non-commercial flights. Many owner-flown and corporate operations work under Part 91.

  • General operating and flight rules
  • Private and corporate operations
  • Operator and pilot responsibilities
02

FAA Part 135

Part 135 sets operating requirements for commuter and on-demand operations — in private aviation, typically charter carried out by an operator holding the corresponding certificate, with its own manuals, training and crew requirements.

  • On-demand (charter) operations
  • Certificated operators
  • Required manuals, training and records
03

EASA

The European Union Aviation Safety Agency framework includes the Air Operations Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 — covering commercial operations and non-commercial operations of complex aircraft — and cabin crew requirements in Part-CC of Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011.

  • Air Operations rules (EU) 965/2012
  • Cabin crew requirements (Part-CC)
  • Operator procedures and documentation
04

GCAA — United Arab Emirates

The UAE General Civil Aviation Authority publishes the Civil Aviation Regulations (CARs) that apply to operations and personnel under UAE oversight.

  • UAE Civil Aviation Regulations (CARs)
  • Licensing and training requirements
  • Operator oversight in the UAE
05

What it means in practice

For crew and operators, the frameworks show up as documents, training, procedures and responsibilities. Cross-border missions often involve more than one environment in a single trip.

  • Cabin crew training and records
  • Operations manuals and SOPs
  • Clear responsibilities on board
  • Readiness before every departure
  • Cross-border coordination
Crew briefing and training sessionCrew walking to the aircraft for departurePilot on the apron next to a business jet
Founder · Regulatory

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Official sources. 14 CFR Part 91 (eCFR) · 14 CFR Part 135 (eCFR) · EASA — Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 · EASA — Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 · GCAA — Civil Aviation Regulations. Summaries on this page are for orientation only and are not legal or regulatory advice; always confirm the rule that applies to the specific operation.
Foundation · Operations. Law. Discipline.
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